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Acute kidney injury (AKI) refers to the abnormality of kidney structure and function (including abnormal blood, urine, histology and imaging examination) within 3 months of disease course. resulting in clinical syndromes with different clinical manifestations.

In recent years, some new and more sensitive biomarkers of AKI have been discovered in clinical and laboratory studies, which can not only diagnose AKI before serum creatinine rises, but also provide help for the etiological diagnosis of AKI.

NGAL        The best index for early diagnosis of acute kidney injury

CYS-C     The best endogenous index of glomerular filtration rate

β2-MG      Monitoring indicators of proximal tubule function

MAU         Sensitive indicator of early or mild kidney injury

Cystatin C (CYS-C)

CYS-C is produced at a constant rate in the body and is almost completely filtered by the glomerulus. CYS-C in the blood is not affected by changes in inflammation, sex, muscle, and age, but its concentration varies with the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) changes.

Clinical significance: 

- Reflects the functional level of glomerular filtration

- Early diagnosis and condition monitoring of kidney disease

- Renal function monitoring in patients with kidney transplantation and chemotherapy

- Early prevention and diagnosis of early renal damage in AKI high-risk population

- Renal function assessment in patients with cirrhosis

Applicable departments: 

Nephrology, emergency, interventional, ICU, cardiology, surgery